Field Marshal John French in World War I

Born September 28, 1852, at Ripple Vale, Kent, John French was the son of Commander John Tracy William French and his wife Margaret. The son of a naval officer, French intended to follow in his fathers footsteps and sought training at Portsmouth after attending Harrow School. Appointed a midshipman in 1866, French soon found himself assigned to HMS Warrior. While aboard, he developed a debilitating fear of heights which forced him to abandon his naval career in 1869. After serving in the Suffolk Artillery Militia, French transferred to the British Army in February 1874. Initially serving with the 8th Kings Royal Irish Hussars, he moved through a variety of cavalry regiments and achieved the rank of major in 1883. In Africa In 1884, French took part in the Sudan Expedition which moved up the Nile River with the goal of relieving Major General Charles Gordons forces which were besieged at Khartoum. En route, he saw action at Abu Klea on January 17, 1885. Though the campaign proved a failure, French was promoted to lieutenant colonel the following month. Returning to Britain, he received command of the 19th Hussars in 1888 before moving into various high-level staff posts. During the late 1890s, French led the 2nd Cavalry Brigade at Canterbury before assuming command of the 1st Cavalry Brigade at Aldershot. Second Boer War Returning to Africa in late 1899, French took command of the Cavalry Division in South Africa. He was thus in place when the Second Boer War commenced that October. After defeating General Johannes Kock at Elandslaagte on October 21, French took part in the larger relief of Kimberley. In February 1900, his horsemen played a key role in the triumph at Paardeberg. Promoted to the permanent rank of major general on October 2, French was also knighted. A trust subordinate of Lord Kitchener, the Commander-in-Chief in South Africa, he later served as Commander of Johannesburg and Cape Colony. With the end of the conflict in 1902, French was elevated to lieutenant general and appointed to the Order of St. Michael and St. George in recognition of his contributions. Trusted General Returning to Aldershot, French assumed command of the 1st Army Corps in September 1902. Three years later he became the overall commander at Aldershot. Promoted to general in February 1907, he became Inspector-General of the Army that December. One of the British Armys stars, French received the honorary appointment of Aide-de-Camp General to the King on June 19, 1911. This was followed by an appointment as Chief of the Imperial General Staff the following March. Made field marshal in June 1913, he resigned his position on the Imperial General Staff in April 1914 after a disagreement with Prime Minister H. H. Asquiths government regarding the Curragh Mutiny. Though he resumed his post as Inspector-General of the Army on August 1, Frenchs tenure proved brief due to the outbreak of World War I. To the Continent With the British entry into the conflict, French was appointed to command the newly-formed British Expeditionary Force. Consisting of two corps and a cavalry division, the BEF began preparations to deploy to the Continent. As planning moved forward, French clashed with Kitchener, then serving as Secretary of State for War, over where the BEF should be placed. While Kitchener advocated a position near Amiens from which it could mount a counterattack against the Germans, French preferred Belgium where it would be supported by the Belgium Army and their fortresses. Backed by the Cabinet, French won the debate and began moving his men across the Channel. Reaching the front, the British commanders temper and prickly disposition soon led to difficulties in dealing with his French allies, namely General Charles Lanrezac who commanded the French Fifth Army on his right. Establishing a position at Mons, the BEF entered the action on August 23 when it was attacked by the German First Army. Though mounting a tenacious defense, the BEF was forced to retreat as Kitchener had anticipated when advocating the Amiens position. As French fell back, he issued a confusing series of orders which were ignored by Lieutenant General Sir Horace Smith-Dorriens II Corps which fought a bloody defensive battle at Le Cateau on August 26. As the retreat continued, French began to lose confidence and became indecisive. Shaken by the high losses sustained, he became increasingly concerned about his mens welfare rather than aiding the French. The Marne to Digging In As French began contemplating withdrawing to the coast, Kitchener arrived on September 2 for an emergency meeting. Though angered by Kitcheners interference, the discussion convinced him to keep the BEF at the front and to take part in French Commander-in-Chief General Joseph Joffres counteroffensive along the Marne. Attacking during the First Battle of the Marne, Allied forces were able to halt the German advance. In the weeks after the battle, both sides began the Race to the Sea in an effort to outflank the other. Reaching Ypres, French and the BEF fought the bloody First Battle of Ypres in October and November. Holding the town, it became a point of contention for the rest of the war. As the front stabilized, both sides began constructing elaborate trench systems. In an effort to break the deadlock, French opened the Battle of Neuve Chapelle in March 1915. Though some ground was gained, casualties were high and no breakthrough was attained. Following the setback, French blamed the failure on a lack of artillery shells which initiated the Shell Crisis of 1915. The following month, the Germans began the Second Battle of Ypres which saw them take and inflict substantial losses but fail to capture the town. In May, French returned to the offensive but was bloodily repulsed at Aubers Ridge. Reinforced, the BEF attacked again in September when it began the Battle of Loos. Little was gained in three weeks of fighting and French received criticism for his handling of British reserves during the battle. Later Career Having clashed repeatedly with Kitchener and having lost the confidence of the Cabinet, French was relieved in December 1915 and replaced by General Sir Douglas Haig. Appointed to command the Home Forces, he was elevated to Viscount French of Ypres in January 1916. In this new position, he oversaw the suppression of the 1916 Easter Rising in Ireland. Two years later, on May 1918, the Cabinet made French British Viceroy, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and Supreme Commander of the British Army in Ireland. Fighting with various nationalist groups, he sought to destroy Sinn Fà ©in. As a result of these actions, he was the target of a failed assassination attempt in December 1919. Resigning his post on April 30, 1921, French moved into retirement. Made Earl of Ypres in June 1922, French also received a retirement grant of  £50,000 in recognition of his services. Contracting cancer of the bladder, he died on May 22, 1925, while at Deal Castle. Following a funeral, French was buried at St. Mary the Virgin Churchyard in Ripple, Kent. Sources First World War: Field Marshal John FrenchTrenches on the Web: Field Marshal John French

There Is No Question That Gay Marriage Has Become A Huge

There is no question that gay marriage has become a huge moral and spiritual issue for the church (Brown 2014). Liberal Protestants believe because this issue has torn groups of believers apart we would be better to accept our differences in beliefs and move forward with the mission of spreading Jesus’s love. The Conservative Protestants viewpoint on this issue is people in homosexual relationships need to be shown love while at the same time helping them understand what the Bible says on this topic. Gay marriage has become a highly-debated topic between Conservative and Liberal Protestant religious groups, in which the opposing positions are centered around interpretation of sacred text, belief in the concept of naturally orientated†¦show more content†¦Liberal’s believe that certain parts of scripture from the Bible are more relevant in today’s day and age than other parts. In Genesis 1:31 it says, â€Å"God surveyed all that he had made and prono unced it â€Å"very good!†Ã¢â‚¬  (Life application study Bible 2011) Since God pronounced his creation very good, if people have natural desires for a homosexual marriage then it must be of God. Liberals also believe that love is the superseding goal of Christianity. In 1 John 4:8, â€Å"Love is the greatest of these not only because it is eternal, but because even in this temporal life, where we now live, love is supreme.† (Life application study Bible 2011) If two people are in a committed loving homosexual relationship, since God is love then the relationship must be from God. Liberals also believe condemning same-sex marriages is harmful to the LGBTQ community and its members. They reference the story when Jesus taught in the Sermon on the Mount that good trees bear good fruit and bad trees bear bad fruit. The feeling here is the Church’s rejection of same-sex marriages has caused tremendous needless suffering to the LGBTQ community which thus produces bad fruit (Vines 2015). One of the common debates within the topic of gay marriage is whether it can be deemed a natural relationship. Conservative Protestants, believing in the inherent supremacy of the Bible, reference Romans 1:26 on this issue which says, â€Å"That is why God abandoned them to theirShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Issues of Abortion and Gay Marriage1521 Words   |  7 Pagesof Abortion and Gay Marriage The issues of abortion and gay marriage rights were issues that were fought over constantly by Liberals and Conservatives in the last elections. Both parties had different ways of looking at these problems, hence they both had different ideas as to how we could solve these problems. The Conservatives tended to take a more traditional stance, whereas the Liberals were set on pursuing the problem with new age solutions. 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International Human Resource for Culture - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theInternational Human Resource Management for Culture. Answer: International human resource management involves addressing diverse issues that affect companies that have multi-cultural employees. Operating in a foreign nation presents unique human resource challenges for management. This also extends to the measures that may be used to quantify performance. Foreigners who come to work are often faced with the difficulty of making adjustments in order to fit into the new culture. Performance management used in Australia may at times be different from other nations. Understanding the culture and metrics used in performance management is critical to ensure the smooth running of companies in Australia. Cultural issues One of the unique business and cultural etiquettes in Australian companies is the propensity to engage in small time before engaging in the main agenda. In business meetings, it is normal for the small talk to extend up to twenty minutes before attention is drawn to the reason for the meeting. This is shocking for new employees from different countries who expect such meetings to begin immediately. It is also challenging for business executives who fly in to conclude business deals or engage in preparatory talks for future engagement. This is especially if the business executives are working on tight time schedules and have to attend other meetings or fly back immediately. Another cultural issue is that Australians are direct and straight forward. There is no convoluted talk that tries to avoid difficult topics or issues. There is no talk that intends to avoid confrontation. The culture is to be forth right and to get to the point. This can be refreshing or terrifying in equal measure for persons from different cultures. According to Hofstedes theory, they show low uncertainty avoidance (Alexandrina Cristina Luminita 2016). Employees or business partners from nations with high uncertainty avoidance will be challenged when interacting with Australian companies and employers. Steps to address cultural adjustments In order to help employs and business partners to adjust to the Australian business culture, the following can be done. Employees from foreign countries can be assigned a cultural mentor who can coach them into making adjustments in the new culture (Gorrell Hoover 2009). If the employee has a query or need to be given rational explanation about certain cultural issues, the coach can be helpful. For business partners or business executives on short stays, choosing topics that focus on the country of the visitor will help build a common ground. This is different from where local Australian topics are discussed. In addition, assigning the foreign visitors a business aide to explain beforehand the Australian etiquette should be encouraged. Issues of management Most Australian companies have poor performance management of their employs. The office culture in most Australian companies is informal with minimal bureaucracy and hierarchy. This informal organization could be the contributing factor for poor employee performance management. A survey that was recently done on the top 100 Australian companys shows that very few are able to make the connection between their share prices and talent (Windust 2014). Only one in five human resource managers could make the linkage between the attraction and retention of the key personnel in their companies (Gruman Saks 2011). This shows the levels of poor performance management in Australian companies. Steps to address performance management issues One approach that can be taken to improve the management of the performance of employs is to adapt policies that encourage clear channels of communication which give feedback. This should be based on a structure that is less formal and which is transparent. Another perspective that can be used in performance management is to undertake an informal system of appraisal that is continuous and which gives feedback on performance. A good example is the style that has been adopted by Deloitte which is eliminating performance reviews (Pash 2015). In its place, period check-ins are undertaken regularly done on the employees. More check-ins are more beneficial than the yearly formalized reports on employee appraisals. Human resource managers are tasked with ensuring that there is cultural inclusivity in companies where they work. This is important in companies that have staff from different cultures and nationalities. Performance management is also another important aspect that they have to undertake. Australian companies exhibit unique business etiquette that is influenced by the Australian culture. They also have poor measures of performance management. Undertaking actions that lead to cultural adjustments for foreign employees and business partners is important for human resource managers. This applies equally to improving performance management at work. References Alexandrina Cristina, V, Lumini?a, N, 2016, 'HOFSTEDES CULTURAL DIMENSIONS AND MANAGEMENT IN CORPORATIONS', Cross-Cultural Management Journal , Vol XVIII, Iss 1, Pp 35-46 (2016), no. 1, p. 35. Gorrell, P, Hoover, J, 2009, The Coaching Connection : A Manager's Guide to Developing Individual Potential in the Context of the Organization, AMACOM, New York. Gruman, JA, Saks, AM, 2011, 'Performance management and employee engagement', Human Resource Management Review, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 123-136. Available from: 10.1016/j.hrmr.2010.09.004. Kimmorley, S, 2017, 24 Things expats find surprising about Australian working culture, viewed 6 October, https://www.afr.com/leadership/company-culture/24-things-expats-find-surprising-about-australian-working-culture-20170129-gu13b0 Pash, C, 2015, This is why Deloitte is banning performance reviews, viewed 6 October, https://www.businessinsider.com.au/this-is-why-a-top-deloitte-exec-is-banning-performance-reviews-in-the-company-2015-7 Windust, J, 2014, 50% of Australias largest companies ignore people as a key business risk: New cognology research, viewed 6 October, https://www.cognology.com.au/new-cognology-research-shows-50-australias-largest-companies-ignore-people-key-business-risk/

Pauls Case vs. Tallented Mr. Ripley free essay sample

Infatuation differentiating from real love, is there a difference? This is a striking question for someone Involved in both love and lust because often times when an individual Is sustaining two romantic/sexual relationships they may find it rather difficult to outlandish the difference between true love and sexual arousal, this can lead to things such as torn relationships, broken hearts and confusion. In the movie The Phantom of the Opera two men, the Phantom and Rural, sings two love songs,Music of the Night and All I Ask of You, too girl named Christine whom they both love. In both love songs the lyrics, the location, and movements of the people during the songs all illustrate; the messages each man is trying to communicate, her relationship towards each man, what Christine is attracted to in each of them and the contrast of light and dark imagery. In the song Music of the Night from The Phantom of the Opera lyrics play a large role in the determination of the songs true meaning. We will write a custom essay sample on Pauls Case vs. Tallented Mr. Ripley or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When the Phantom sings to Christine In lines 48 to 50 he says only then can you belong to me, in that line It shows the theme of the song very clearly which Is control and power over Christine, their relationship Isnt equal he controls her with her sexual arousal near him and her belief that he was sent to her by her dead father. Also In lines 51 to 54 he sings floating, falling, sweet Intoxication!Touch me, trust me savior each sensational The Phantom talks about intoxication, floating and sensation all these words relate to fantasizing and almost drunk off of each others love. The Phantoms actual words show that their relationship is full of passion and lust and that he controls Christine and intoxicates Christine to be more comfortable around the Phantom. The Phantom brings Christine down to the bowels of the opera house to sing to her, this location is very dark and very secluded.In his lair he also has candles everywhere and he controls when they rise out of the water and when the candles light themselves and when they go out, this further demonstrates the Phantoms power and control over Christine and the opera house. Even the light where they are is very dark and eerie, the Phantom doesnt know any kindness or warmth from light all he sees from light Is unfeeling garishness, all the comfort he knows Is from dark solitude. Another large indication of the Phantom and Christinas relationship is their body movements during this song.The Phantom takes on the role of the puppet master and Christine is his puppet. At one point he spins her around so her back is against his chest and torso, he moves his hands along her stomach and thigh, then he takes her left hand ND moves it up toward his face, and moving her hand in a caressing manner then he spins her around to face him. All of those body actions he controlled, she made none of those movement choices herself, even though she didnt object to him using his power over her to control her.Christine is attracted to the Phantoms sense of danger and sexual lust their relationship Is based on passion for love and the arts. Rolls love song to Christine from The Phantom of the Opera Is called All I Ask of You, and many of the lyrics In this song show their freedom through their true love. Throughout the entire song Rural and Christine say things Like love me, let me, share, and all I ask, all of those things show that they are equal, respectful of one talk of darkness, forget these wide eyed fears. Im here. Rural is in those first lines is trying to tell Christine that darkness is evil, and he wishes to guide her into the light. Christine is drawn to the comforting light in Rural because he is familiar and pure. Again all of Rolls comfort, purity, and belie that light is good is shown in lines 10 and 11 let daylight dry your tears. Christine and Rural are on top of the opera house outside during All I Ask of You, in a very open space. This openness is an excellent symbol to show their relationship in that there are no secrets and that they truly are equal.Although its nighttime on the rooftop, there is an angelic shinning on the two of them during their song, which illustrates the contrast between light and dark, the light is good and warm in Christine and Rolls eyes, and the darkness is corrupt and evil. Christine and Rolls body movements in this song are also very equal, comforting and free. Rural doesnt force her body in any way to do anything, he takes her hand simply to hold her not to move her as he wants her. Christine decides to take many body actions during their love song, such as hug Rural back, take his hand, and allow him to walk along the rooftop with her. Everything about their relationship is pure and free. Rural is the archetypical hero/good guy and that is what Christine is attracted to most of all, his goodness. Lust vs.. Love, is difficult to differentiate but it is possible, simply because when you re in that situation and presented with that question, in the end true love will always prosper.Often before it prospers though those two relationships can become torn and leave individuals broken hearted, but the relationship that is strongest will continue on. The Phantom and Rural fought hard and long for Christine affections, but in those two love songs, Music if the Night and All I Ask of You, their lyrics, location and body language show her relationship towards each man, what he is trying to show her, why she is attracted to them, and the difference of light and darkness.