Field Marshal John French in World War I

Born September 28, 1852, at Ripple Vale, Kent, John French was the son of Commander John Tracy William French and his wife Margaret. The son of a naval officer, French intended to follow in his fathers footsteps and sought training at Portsmouth after attending Harrow School. Appointed a midshipman in 1866, French soon found himself assigned to HMS Warrior. While aboard, he developed a debilitating fear of heights which forced him to abandon his naval career in 1869. After serving in the Suffolk Artillery Militia, French transferred to the British Army in February 1874. Initially serving with the 8th Kings Royal Irish Hussars, he moved through a variety of cavalry regiments and achieved the rank of major in 1883. In Africa In 1884, French took part in the Sudan Expedition which moved up the Nile River with the goal of relieving Major General Charles Gordons forces which were besieged at Khartoum. En route, he saw action at Abu Klea on January 17, 1885. Though the campaign proved a failure, French was promoted to lieutenant colonel the following month. Returning to Britain, he received command of the 19th Hussars in 1888 before moving into various high-level staff posts. During the late 1890s, French led the 2nd Cavalry Brigade at Canterbury before assuming command of the 1st Cavalry Brigade at Aldershot. Second Boer War Returning to Africa in late 1899, French took command of the Cavalry Division in South Africa. He was thus in place when the Second Boer War commenced that October. After defeating General Johannes Kock at Elandslaagte on October 21, French took part in the larger relief of Kimberley. In February 1900, his horsemen played a key role in the triumph at Paardeberg. Promoted to the permanent rank of major general on October 2, French was also knighted. A trust subordinate of Lord Kitchener, the Commander-in-Chief in South Africa, he later served as Commander of Johannesburg and Cape Colony. With the end of the conflict in 1902, French was elevated to lieutenant general and appointed to the Order of St. Michael and St. George in recognition of his contributions. Trusted General Returning to Aldershot, French assumed command of the 1st Army Corps in September 1902. Three years later he became the overall commander at Aldershot. Promoted to general in February 1907, he became Inspector-General of the Army that December. One of the British Armys stars, French received the honorary appointment of Aide-de-Camp General to the King on June 19, 1911. This was followed by an appointment as Chief of the Imperial General Staff the following March. Made field marshal in June 1913, he resigned his position on the Imperial General Staff in April 1914 after a disagreement with Prime Minister H. H. Asquiths government regarding the Curragh Mutiny. Though he resumed his post as Inspector-General of the Army on August 1, Frenchs tenure proved brief due to the outbreak of World War I. To the Continent With the British entry into the conflict, French was appointed to command the newly-formed British Expeditionary Force. Consisting of two corps and a cavalry division, the BEF began preparations to deploy to the Continent. As planning moved forward, French clashed with Kitchener, then serving as Secretary of State for War, over where the BEF should be placed. While Kitchener advocated a position near Amiens from which it could mount a counterattack against the Germans, French preferred Belgium where it would be supported by the Belgium Army and their fortresses. Backed by the Cabinet, French won the debate and began moving his men across the Channel. Reaching the front, the British commanders temper and prickly disposition soon led to difficulties in dealing with his French allies, namely General Charles Lanrezac who commanded the French Fifth Army on his right. Establishing a position at Mons, the BEF entered the action on August 23 when it was attacked by the German First Army. Though mounting a tenacious defense, the BEF was forced to retreat as Kitchener had anticipated when advocating the Amiens position. As French fell back, he issued a confusing series of orders which were ignored by Lieutenant General Sir Horace Smith-Dorriens II Corps which fought a bloody defensive battle at Le Cateau on August 26. As the retreat continued, French began to lose confidence and became indecisive. Shaken by the high losses sustained, he became increasingly concerned about his mens welfare rather than aiding the French. The Marne to Digging In As French began contemplating withdrawing to the coast, Kitchener arrived on September 2 for an emergency meeting. Though angered by Kitcheners interference, the discussion convinced him to keep the BEF at the front and to take part in French Commander-in-Chief General Joseph Joffres counteroffensive along the Marne. Attacking during the First Battle of the Marne, Allied forces were able to halt the German advance. In the weeks after the battle, both sides began the Race to the Sea in an effort to outflank the other. Reaching Ypres, French and the BEF fought the bloody First Battle of Ypres in October and November. Holding the town, it became a point of contention for the rest of the war. As the front stabilized, both sides began constructing elaborate trench systems. In an effort to break the deadlock, French opened the Battle of Neuve Chapelle in March 1915. Though some ground was gained, casualties were high and no breakthrough was attained. Following the setback, French blamed the failure on a lack of artillery shells which initiated the Shell Crisis of 1915. The following month, the Germans began the Second Battle of Ypres which saw them take and inflict substantial losses but fail to capture the town. In May, French returned to the offensive but was bloodily repulsed at Aubers Ridge. Reinforced, the BEF attacked again in September when it began the Battle of Loos. Little was gained in three weeks of fighting and French received criticism for his handling of British reserves during the battle. Later Career Having clashed repeatedly with Kitchener and having lost the confidence of the Cabinet, French was relieved in December 1915 and replaced by General Sir Douglas Haig. Appointed to command the Home Forces, he was elevated to Viscount French of Ypres in January 1916. In this new position, he oversaw the suppression of the 1916 Easter Rising in Ireland. Two years later, on May 1918, the Cabinet made French British Viceroy, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and Supreme Commander of the British Army in Ireland. Fighting with various nationalist groups, he sought to destroy Sinn Fà ©in. As a result of these actions, he was the target of a failed assassination attempt in December 1919. Resigning his post on April 30, 1921, French moved into retirement. Made Earl of Ypres in June 1922, French also received a retirement grant of  £50,000 in recognition of his services. Contracting cancer of the bladder, he died on May 22, 1925, while at Deal Castle. Following a funeral, French was buried at St. Mary the Virgin Churchyard in Ripple, Kent. Sources First World War: Field Marshal John FrenchTrenches on the Web: Field Marshal John French

There Is No Question That Gay Marriage Has Become A Huge

There is no question that gay marriage has become a huge moral and spiritual issue for the church (Brown 2014). Liberal Protestants believe because this issue has torn groups of believers apart we would be better to accept our differences in beliefs and move forward with the mission of spreading Jesus’s love. The Conservative Protestants viewpoint on this issue is people in homosexual relationships need to be shown love while at the same time helping them understand what the Bible says on this topic. Gay marriage has become a highly-debated topic between Conservative and Liberal Protestant religious groups, in which the opposing positions are centered around interpretation of sacred text, belief in the concept of naturally orientated†¦show more content†¦Liberal’s believe that certain parts of scripture from the Bible are more relevant in today’s day and age than other parts. In Genesis 1:31 it says, â€Å"God surveyed all that he had made and prono unced it â€Å"very good!†Ã¢â‚¬  (Life application study Bible 2011) Since God pronounced his creation very good, if people have natural desires for a homosexual marriage then it must be of God. Liberals also believe that love is the superseding goal of Christianity. In 1 John 4:8, â€Å"Love is the greatest of these not only because it is eternal, but because even in this temporal life, where we now live, love is supreme.† (Life application study Bible 2011) If two people are in a committed loving homosexual relationship, since God is love then the relationship must be from God. Liberals also believe condemning same-sex marriages is harmful to the LGBTQ community and its members. They reference the story when Jesus taught in the Sermon on the Mount that good trees bear good fruit and bad trees bear bad fruit. The feeling here is the Church’s rejection of same-sex marriages has caused tremendous needless suffering to the LGBTQ community which thus produces bad fruit (Vines 2015). One of the common debates within the topic of gay marriage is whether it can be deemed a natural relationship. Conservative Protestants, believing in the inherent supremacy of the Bible, reference Romans 1:26 on this issue which says, â€Å"That is why God abandoned them to theirShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Issues of Abortion and Gay Marriage1521 Words   |  7 Pagesof Abortion and Gay Marriage The issues of abortion and gay marriage rights were issues that were fought over constantly by Liberals and Conservatives in the last elections. Both parties had different ways of looking at these problems, hence they both had different ideas as to how we could solve these problems. The Conservatives tended to take a more traditional stance, whereas the Liberals were set on pursuing the problem with new age solutions. 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International Human Resource for Culture - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theInternational Human Resource Management for Culture. Answer: International human resource management involves addressing diverse issues that affect companies that have multi-cultural employees. Operating in a foreign nation presents unique human resource challenges for management. This also extends to the measures that may be used to quantify performance. Foreigners who come to work are often faced with the difficulty of making adjustments in order to fit into the new culture. Performance management used in Australia may at times be different from other nations. Understanding the culture and metrics used in performance management is critical to ensure the smooth running of companies in Australia. Cultural issues One of the unique business and cultural etiquettes in Australian companies is the propensity to engage in small time before engaging in the main agenda. In business meetings, it is normal for the small talk to extend up to twenty minutes before attention is drawn to the reason for the meeting. This is shocking for new employees from different countries who expect such meetings to begin immediately. It is also challenging for business executives who fly in to conclude business deals or engage in preparatory talks for future engagement. This is especially if the business executives are working on tight time schedules and have to attend other meetings or fly back immediately. Another cultural issue is that Australians are direct and straight forward. There is no convoluted talk that tries to avoid difficult topics or issues. There is no talk that intends to avoid confrontation. The culture is to be forth right and to get to the point. This can be refreshing or terrifying in equal measure for persons from different cultures. According to Hofstedes theory, they show low uncertainty avoidance (Alexandrina Cristina Luminita 2016). Employees or business partners from nations with high uncertainty avoidance will be challenged when interacting with Australian companies and employers. Steps to address cultural adjustments In order to help employs and business partners to adjust to the Australian business culture, the following can be done. Employees from foreign countries can be assigned a cultural mentor who can coach them into making adjustments in the new culture (Gorrell Hoover 2009). If the employee has a query or need to be given rational explanation about certain cultural issues, the coach can be helpful. For business partners or business executives on short stays, choosing topics that focus on the country of the visitor will help build a common ground. This is different from where local Australian topics are discussed. In addition, assigning the foreign visitors a business aide to explain beforehand the Australian etiquette should be encouraged. Issues of management Most Australian companies have poor performance management of their employs. The office culture in most Australian companies is informal with minimal bureaucracy and hierarchy. This informal organization could be the contributing factor for poor employee performance management. A survey that was recently done on the top 100 Australian companys shows that very few are able to make the connection between their share prices and talent (Windust 2014). Only one in five human resource managers could make the linkage between the attraction and retention of the key personnel in their companies (Gruman Saks 2011). This shows the levels of poor performance management in Australian companies. Steps to address performance management issues One approach that can be taken to improve the management of the performance of employs is to adapt policies that encourage clear channels of communication which give feedback. This should be based on a structure that is less formal and which is transparent. Another perspective that can be used in performance management is to undertake an informal system of appraisal that is continuous and which gives feedback on performance. A good example is the style that has been adopted by Deloitte which is eliminating performance reviews (Pash 2015). In its place, period check-ins are undertaken regularly done on the employees. More check-ins are more beneficial than the yearly formalized reports on employee appraisals. Human resource managers are tasked with ensuring that there is cultural inclusivity in companies where they work. This is important in companies that have staff from different cultures and nationalities. Performance management is also another important aspect that they have to undertake. Australian companies exhibit unique business etiquette that is influenced by the Australian culture. They also have poor measures of performance management. Undertaking actions that lead to cultural adjustments for foreign employees and business partners is important for human resource managers. This applies equally to improving performance management at work. References Alexandrina Cristina, V, Lumini?a, N, 2016, 'HOFSTEDES CULTURAL DIMENSIONS AND MANAGEMENT IN CORPORATIONS', Cross-Cultural Management Journal , Vol XVIII, Iss 1, Pp 35-46 (2016), no. 1, p. 35. Gorrell, P, Hoover, J, 2009, The Coaching Connection : A Manager's Guide to Developing Individual Potential in the Context of the Organization, AMACOM, New York. Gruman, JA, Saks, AM, 2011, 'Performance management and employee engagement', Human Resource Management Review, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 123-136. Available from: 10.1016/j.hrmr.2010.09.004. Kimmorley, S, 2017, 24 Things expats find surprising about Australian working culture, viewed 6 October, https://www.afr.com/leadership/company-culture/24-things-expats-find-surprising-about-australian-working-culture-20170129-gu13b0 Pash, C, 2015, This is why Deloitte is banning performance reviews, viewed 6 October, https://www.businessinsider.com.au/this-is-why-a-top-deloitte-exec-is-banning-performance-reviews-in-the-company-2015-7 Windust, J, 2014, 50% of Australias largest companies ignore people as a key business risk: New cognology research, viewed 6 October, https://www.cognology.com.au/new-cognology-research-shows-50-australias-largest-companies-ignore-people-key-business-risk/

Pauls Case vs. Tallented Mr. Ripley free essay sample

Infatuation differentiating from real love, is there a difference? This is a striking question for someone Involved in both love and lust because often times when an individual Is sustaining two romantic/sexual relationships they may find it rather difficult to outlandish the difference between true love and sexual arousal, this can lead to things such as torn relationships, broken hearts and confusion. In the movie The Phantom of the Opera two men, the Phantom and Rural, sings two love songs,Music of the Night and All I Ask of You, too girl named Christine whom they both love. In both love songs the lyrics, the location, and movements of the people during the songs all illustrate; the messages each man is trying to communicate, her relationship towards each man, what Christine is attracted to in each of them and the contrast of light and dark imagery. In the song Music of the Night from The Phantom of the Opera lyrics play a large role in the determination of the songs true meaning. We will write a custom essay sample on Pauls Case vs. Tallented Mr. Ripley or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When the Phantom sings to Christine In lines 48 to 50 he says only then can you belong to me, in that line It shows the theme of the song very clearly which Is control and power over Christine, their relationship Isnt equal he controls her with her sexual arousal near him and her belief that he was sent to her by her dead father. Also In lines 51 to 54 he sings floating, falling, sweet Intoxication!Touch me, trust me savior each sensational The Phantom talks about intoxication, floating and sensation all these words relate to fantasizing and almost drunk off of each others love. The Phantoms actual words show that their relationship is full of passion and lust and that he controls Christine and intoxicates Christine to be more comfortable around the Phantom. The Phantom brings Christine down to the bowels of the opera house to sing to her, this location is very dark and very secluded.In his lair he also has candles everywhere and he controls when they rise out of the water and when the candles light themselves and when they go out, this further demonstrates the Phantoms power and control over Christine and the opera house. Even the light where they are is very dark and eerie, the Phantom doesnt know any kindness or warmth from light all he sees from light Is unfeeling garishness, all the comfort he knows Is from dark solitude. Another large indication of the Phantom and Christinas relationship is their body movements during this song.The Phantom takes on the role of the puppet master and Christine is his puppet. At one point he spins her around so her back is against his chest and torso, he moves his hands along her stomach and thigh, then he takes her left hand ND moves it up toward his face, and moving her hand in a caressing manner then he spins her around to face him. All of those body actions he controlled, she made none of those movement choices herself, even though she didnt object to him using his power over her to control her.Christine is attracted to the Phantoms sense of danger and sexual lust their relationship Is based on passion for love and the arts. Rolls love song to Christine from The Phantom of the Opera Is called All I Ask of You, and many of the lyrics In this song show their freedom through their true love. Throughout the entire song Rural and Christine say things Like love me, let me, share, and all I ask, all of those things show that they are equal, respectful of one talk of darkness, forget these wide eyed fears. Im here. Rural is in those first lines is trying to tell Christine that darkness is evil, and he wishes to guide her into the light. Christine is drawn to the comforting light in Rural because he is familiar and pure. Again all of Rolls comfort, purity, and belie that light is good is shown in lines 10 and 11 let daylight dry your tears. Christine and Rural are on top of the opera house outside during All I Ask of You, in a very open space. This openness is an excellent symbol to show their relationship in that there are no secrets and that they truly are equal.Although its nighttime on the rooftop, there is an angelic shinning on the two of them during their song, which illustrates the contrast between light and dark, the light is good and warm in Christine and Rolls eyes, and the darkness is corrupt and evil. Christine and Rolls body movements in this song are also very equal, comforting and free. Rural doesnt force her body in any way to do anything, he takes her hand simply to hold her not to move her as he wants her. Christine decides to take many body actions during their love song, such as hug Rural back, take his hand, and allow him to walk along the rooftop with her. Everything about their relationship is pure and free. Rural is the archetypical hero/good guy and that is what Christine is attracted to most of all, his goodness. Lust vs.. Love, is difficult to differentiate but it is possible, simply because when you re in that situation and presented with that question, in the end true love will always prosper.Often before it prospers though those two relationships can become torn and leave individuals broken hearted, but the relationship that is strongest will continue on. The Phantom and Rural fought hard and long for Christine affections, but in those two love songs, Music if the Night and All I Ask of You, their lyrics, location and body language show her relationship towards each man, what he is trying to show her, why she is attracted to them, and the difference of light and darkness.

Free Essays on How Languages Are Learned

and sentences that have multiple meanings. Gives kids access to word jokes, trick questions, riddles  · Simultaneous bilinguals: learn and hear more than one language from birth on  · Sequential bilinguals: learn second language later  · Subtractive bilinguals: cut off from family language as they are emerged in the second language. Children are caught because they have not had time to master the first language Developmental Sequences  · Grammatical morphemes: o Roger brown said that they develop in sequences (5) kids who have mastered the bottom of the list was sure to have mastered the top. o Order of acquisition o Longitudinal study: over a period of time  · Negation: learn to deny, reject, disagree with and refuse something o Stage one: first neg, usually expressed by the word â€Å"no† in a simple sentence o Stage 2: utterances g... Free Essays on How Languages Are Learned Free Essays on How Languages Are Learned HOW LANGUAGES ARE LEARNED CHAPTER 1: LEARNING A FIRST LANGUAGE  · Infants are able to hear subtle differences between sounds of human language  · By end of one year they can understand a few frequently used words. They can produce a couple of words that are recognizable  · By age 2, 50 words, and combine these words into simple sentences o Mommy juice o Telegraphic sentences: the leave out many auxiliary verb, articles, prepositions, etc. o They are recognized as sentences even though function word and grammatical morphemes are missing, the word order reflects the language they are hearing  · By age 3-4, most children ask questions or give commands, report real events, and create stories about imaginary ones-complete with correct grammatical morphemes.  · By 4 children have mastered the basic structures of the language  · Metalinguistic awareness: the ability to read language as an object, separate from the meaning it conveys-develops more slowly. Major metalinguistic awareness occurs when kids learn to read.  · MA includes the discovery of things such as ambiguity- words and sentences that have multiple meanings. Gives kids access to word jokes, trick questions, riddles  · Simultaneous bilinguals: learn and hear more than one language from birth on  · Sequential bilinguals: learn second language later  · Subtractive bilinguals: cut off from family language as they are emerged in the second language. Children are caught because they have not had time to master the first language Developmental Sequences  · Grammatical morphemes: o Roger brown said that they develop in sequences (5) kids who have mastered the bottom of the list was sure to have mastered the top. o Order of acquisition o Longitudinal study: over a period of time  · Negation: learn to deny, reject, disagree with and refuse something o Stage one: first neg, usually expressed by the word â€Å"no† in a simple sentence o Stage 2: utterances g...

Boyles Law Worked Sample Chemistry Problem

Boyle's Law Worked Sample Chemistry Problem If you trap a sample of air and measure its volume at different pressures (constant temperature), then you can determine a relation between volume and pressure. If you do this experiment, you will find that as the pressure of a gas sample increases, its volume decreases. In other words, the volume of a gas sample at constant temperature is inversely proportional to its pressure. The product of the pressure multiplied by the volume is a constant: PV k or V k/P or P k/V where P is pressure, V is volume, k is a constant, and the temperature and quantity of gas are held constant. This relationship is called Boyles Law, after Robert Boyle, who discovered it in 1660. Key Takeaways: Boyle's Law Chemistry Problems Simply put, Boyles states that for a gas at constant temperature, pressure multiplied by volume is a constant value. The equation for this is PV k, where k is a constant.At a constant temperature, if you increase the pressure of a gas, its volume decreases. If you increase its volume, the pressure decreases.The volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure.Boyles law is a form of the Ideal Gas Law. At normal temperatures and pressures, it works well for real gases. However, at high temperature or pressure, it is not a valid approximation. Worked Example Problem The sections on the General Properties of Gases and Ideal Gas Law Problems may also be helpful when attempting to work Boyles Law problems. Problem A sample of helium gas at 25Â °C is compressed from 200 cm3 to 0.240 cm3. Its pressure is now 3.00 cm Hg. What was the original pressure of the helium? Solution Its always a good idea to write down the values of all known variables, indicating whether the values are for initial or final states. Boyles Law problems are essentially special cases of the Ideal Gas Law: Initial: P1 ?; V1 200 cm3; n1 n; T1 T Final: P2 3.00 cm Hg; V2 0.240 cm3; n2 n; T2 T P1V1 nRT (Ideal Gas Law) P2V2 nRT so, P1V1 P2V2 P1 P2V2/V1 P1 3.00 cm Hg x 0.240 cm3/200 cm3 P1 3.60 x 10-3 cm Hg Did you notice that the units for the pressure are in cm Hg? You may wish to convert this to a more common unit, such as millimeters of mercury, atmospheres, or pascals. 3.60 x 10-3 Hg x 10mm/1 cm 3.60 x 10-2 mm Hg 3.60 x 10-3 Hg x 1 atm/76.0 cm Hg 4.74 x 10-5 atm Source Levine, Ira N. (1978). Physical Chemistry. University of Brooklyn: McGraw-Hill.

Evidence Based Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Evidence Based Nursing - Essay Example Additionally, the nurses seek to undertake a self completed survey, which implies that the mothers will only be questioned and the nurses will document the results of the survey in wait for the final findings. This raises the ethics components since, the nurse is exposed to becoming judgmental on their subjects given the scope of the research. Question 1b In order to protect the human subjects’ rights of this study population, the IRB must assess various components including the right to self-determination. In this regard, the IRB must assess whether the employers of the nurses clearly and in articulate writing, informed the nurses about whether the participation in this particular research in a condition for employment and thereby expose any relevant risks associated with the study. As such the IRB must analyze the risks to benefit ratio of the study and document whether the eminent risks and/or benefits are clearly described. Further, with the minimal risk guidance level, th e IRB must prove whether the prevailing risks are greater than the minimal risk and the available measure of mitigating the risks. Additionally, the IRB must assess the subjects’ vulnerability in the study and how the researchers have handled the informed consent component. This will involve the IRB in investigating whether the nurses’ selection of the subjects is appropriate and whether the burden of participation is likely to fall on those who will actually benefit from the findings of the research. In this regard, the IRB might question the hospitalized mothers’ involvement in the survey while the focus of the survey is to address child abuse. It is imperative that abuse to children involve parents subjecting their children to unlawful conditions and/or treatment. Therefore the involvement of the parents in the survey will instantly raise the question of subjects’ vulnerability. The other components that IRB will have to assess in this study includes w hether the subjects are given incentives, issues to do with extra safeguards and privacy and confidentiality components of the survey (Beyae & Slattery, 2006). Question 1c The unique ethical concerns of this study could stem from the fact that nurses are obliged to observe confidentiality and privacy in serving the interest of their clients, however, the study seeks to expose the nurses to violate that obligation. When the nurses will question the mothers of hospitalized children within the given age bracket and record the results as sources for the survey, then the privacy of the clients will be violated. Question 1d As a prerequisite condition for allowing the study, the IRB member will seek clarification on the underlying components of study including the specific ways that the nurses have planned to address the eminent ethical issues concerning the privacy and the right to informed consent so as to ensure that the survey achieves the stated objectives without subjecting the stud y subject’s, who could be vulnerable to undue pressure as the IRB provisions demand. Question 1e As a matter of principle, the nurses will conduct the survey within the scope of the IRB provisions and thus remain vigilant in ensuring informed consent and privacy and confidentiality of the subjects are adhered to. In this regard, the nurses will remain advocates of the subjects in the sense that they will make sure the subjects’ confidentiality since they will apply procedures that are in

Essay on The monthly LME spot price for aluminium in USD per tonne

On The monthly LME spot price for aluminium in USD per tonne between June 2008 and June 2014 - Essay Example China’s economic growth during the period of the fluctuations in the prices of aluminium affected the price of the metal. Secondly, there was a consolidation of the steel industry affecting the trend of the prices in the metal across the globe. More so, global warming and carbon sequestration must also have had a hand in the fluctuations in the aluminium prices. Finally, the rising costs of production and the loss of value of the US dollar must played a role in the changes in price of the same product. Historically, the prices of metals across the board always had a positive or an upward trend whereas the dollar kept at a constant for long period of time. The duration and amplitude of price fluctuations in the case in question must have been as a result of numerous change in the economic strength of the metal market in general (ASWATHANARAYANA,2012). Considerations in supply and demand of aluminium and unexpected events like natural disasters and accidents do influence the variations in the price of the aluminium during that given period of time. The global events in question are like recessions, economic growth and inflation do affect or influence the trend in the prices of the aluminium. The demand for metal in China was a result of the infrastructural expansion in the country. I think, in August 2008, the increase in price of aluminum was a result of the increased demand in the aluminum metal due to the intensive development in china ta that specific time. The inflation and recession of 2008 that affected most countries in the world must have been reasons for the fluctuations in aluminium prices. Minerals have a high tendency of losing when it comes to changes in the economic climate of the market and the general market. Inflation made the demand for the aluminium go down leading to the fluctuation in price during that period of June 2008 to June 2014 (

The Value of Christian Higher Education Essay Example for Free

The Value of Christian Higher Education Essay Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The choice of getting an education in order to prepare a future career or vocation is daunting for some especially those who believe the effects of training that anyone will receive from a particular institution. In these days of violence not only in streets but also within the campuses, people generally start to think hard about the education young people get within the academic halls. It is no wonder also that the family think hard where they spend the children to school. The essence of this paper then is whether Christian Higher Education distinctly can mould and contribute much to the development of citizens in their responsibilities toward the community where they revolve. This paper attempts to describe the value of Christian higher education and seeks to convince the reader about the contributions that belonging and training in academic institutions that incorporate the Biblical principles (White 1911). It starts with family values   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Every home has its set of beliefs or tradition that they hold in high esteem. This is referred to as family values. Anything that the family believes is important comprises a family values system. Among the values an individual possesses, the most important is that a person must regard most his/her values about family as the most significant.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Many people don’t usually pause and contemplate what their values are. They may not know whether these values they already have are still practical or useful in a modern day world. Moreover, they do not think how their values fit in with their kind of milieu that they evolve in.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are families that take time out though to impart to their children what had been passed on to them when they too were yet very young. The values may not be as strong as when were yet children because the person may have adapted to his world and adjusted his values that others may be accommodated. Through the years, a family value system may be a combination of what had been passed on to an individual and the values system of one’s friends or colleagues at work. Why are family values important? The primary reason is that what people hold as important affects how they use time, money and energy. If a family believes the importance of education then parents try to save for the schooling of their children which includes books among others. Family values influence how individuals spend their resources and make decisions. Parents then need to communicate what their own family values are, why these are important and the specifics of what are most essential that the children must also adopt or follow. Children also need to respect others who have dissimilar value system as compared to their own. Most likely values will evolve but when parents lead the children and model these beliefs, their children will be able to learn and pass these on to the next generation (â€Å"Values: what are they?†2007). Discussion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Christianity presents as an ideology, persuasion and religion that is relevant as well as able to offer lasting solutions to the ills of individuals and societies. Because of this premise, churches ever since the pioneering days were and are instrumental in the training and upbringing of children. Historical Background   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The history of American Christian education in general point to the primary influence of the church in the establishment of education both with what is now secular and the faith – based types. The American Christian Schools approximately blossomed around the 1700s (House p2 2007; Kazanjian on Walsh p.1 2006). The schools around these decades were actually classified as more sectarian, that is, more Christian in practice and persuasion than their secular counterparts and not only that outnumber the latter in terms of demographics. Protestant schools then, according to House’s research, had been very rigid in terms of bulk and types of academic matters. Back then, their educational instruction consisted of classical languages, literature and none other than Biblical instructions. What made it more complicated was that the Biblical studies were also based on both the Hebrew and the Greek languages. Aside from these they also had to do the Iliad in the Greek version alongside Latin versions of Tacitus’ historical accounts. Even in the elementary levels a typical child in some schools during the 1700s were able accomplished such feats as finishing the elementary grades with the aforementioned subjects. The thrust for college students during these early American Christian Schools on the other hand were to establish their abilities to â€Å"reason, analysis and perspective† which can be derived from a lengthy time spent on languages both the modern and the ancient at the same time weighty amount of time and efforts on mathematics. During these times however, the colleges and schools effectively instilled among their students a love for the institution and the especially patriotic loyalty to the country (White 1911). Results of a Christian training   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The rationale for such rigidity and â€Å"highly verbal and personalized† form of instructions was primarily a better comprehension and understanding of the Scriptures. The Bible then is central to the instructive process and where the activities revolved around the applications of the Scriptural truths. This was what was called as the â€Å"colonial beginnings† and continued on to the 1900s where the impetus was to instill the values drawn from inspiration of the Christian faith. The results that this kind of education bore on the society had been very influential and significantly important. Aside from instilling a high sense of individual ethics not only in the academic performance, what was more important was that there was a prevailing worldview which was Christian. The results as well do not spill over only in their generation but benefit more those in the next generation (Dawson 1989).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The premise for training students whether in the elementary to the collegiate or university level was to introduce the person to the mind of Christ and inculcate that kind of mind to the individual as he translates this worldview or persuasion into his/her everyday activities. â€Å"Classical Christian education is word-oriented† which implies that whatever compromises made today to enhance classroom instructions which maybe basically Christian, cannot equate with what was then introduced during the Colonial days (Dawson 1989). Modern Christian Education and its advantage   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In schools such as the Seattle Pacific University which claims to have Christian philosophical perspective in their stance and training, the school argues that their advantage over others such as public secular schools in particular, has to with specifics like more focused thought and smaller number of students per class. This is to ensure that the students receive better awareness and consideration from their instructors which usually boosts the morale of the student/s. The extensive help and advantages that students will gain from a Christian education encompass the morals and ethics consistently taught inside the four walls of the classroom (Veith 1994). Disadvantage of Present Secular or Public School Higher Education   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Students today are exposed to a kind of education which at the surface attempts to integrate what is called a holistic viewpoint where values, democracy, intellectualism and humanistic understandings are introduced alongside art, English or languages, mathematics and others. To look from a distance these may probably develop a student to be more â€Å"resilient’ or flexible, more tolerant of differing views which is called for in this era of diversity. However, the main and essential drawback comes in the form of a lack of clear focus or direction and no apparent or unambiguous line of worldview to follow. The result is a person or individual whose sympathies and understanding of his/her world may change from time to time and consequently his/her attitudes, actions and behavior in many respects of their lives (Rushdoony 1963). Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The value that Christian education has introduced me personally is tremendous. Many aspects in my life especially many decisions that are made are anchored on the many opportunities that the Christian faith had influenced me through the school where I am being taught.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What are the specific benefits I gained? The ethical and moral bearings that had helped me make decisions that impact my life and the lives of people around me. This is important since whatever choice I make in some areas of my life, sooner or later this tend to affect those who love me and are supportive of me. The training is definitely different because it looks into how we treat others in the very basic human relations level. A Christian in the true sense of the word embodies one who deeply respects others even if they do not have the same religious persuasion as theirs. This is what I have observed distinctly from the general ambience of what secular schools have produced in their studentry and in their graduates. Lastly, the school personnel and staff as well as many in the teaching crew are convinced as well of the Christian faith that they are representing. Although not all may be embracing the same belief or measure of spirituality, nonetheless, there is an unwritten as well as commitment to the policies that are reflective of Scriptural truths.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tracing the historical roots of this country’s school system back to colonial America, it is with great envy that what we have in our schools today or the Christian Schools are being hailed as â€Å"Christian† are actually far from the quality which characterized their colleges or academic institutions. Though difficult, they were able to harness the best for a better nation. Reference: â€Å"Values: what are they?†2007. Family Works : University of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Illinois extension. Accessed December 1, 2007.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.urbanext.uiuc.edu/familyworks/values- 01.html Dawson, Christopher. The Crisis of Western Education, Steubenville, Ohio: Franciscan University Press, 1989   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   pp. 8-9. House, Ben.†Classical Christian Education: A Look at Some History† 2007 Accessed December 2, 2007 http://www.reformed.org/master/index.html?mainframe=/ch   ristian_education/classic_educ.html Kazanjian, Victor Jr. and Peter Laurence (Eds). Education as   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Transformation: Religious Pluralism, Spirituality, and   Ã‚  Ã‚   a New Vision for Higher Education in America. Peter   Ã‚   Lang Publishing, New York. 2006. Rushdoony,Rousas J, The Messianic Character of American   Ã‚   Education, Philipsburg: Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Co., 1963. Veith, Gene Edward Jr., Postmodern Times: A Christian Guide   Ã‚  Ã‚   to Contemporary Thought and Culture, (Wheaton: Crossway Books, 1994. White, Henry Alexander. Southern Presbyterian Leaders, New   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   York: Neale Publishing Company, 1911. pp. 59-60.

Push, Pull or Drag in....Another Misleading TV Commercial :: Essays Papers

Push, Pull or Drag in....Another Misleading TV Commercial Have you ever been watching TV and seen a car commercial that says, â€Å" Come on down to your local Ford Automotive, and you can get a car of your choice for just $129 a month (Spitzer, 2003).† Some have even used lines like, â€Å"Do whatever you have to do push, pull or drag your car in, and drive away in a brand new car† (Spitzer, 2003). The commercial may never stop to give you the details of the qualification requirements for the cars. So making those push or pull journeys to the dealer ends up costing you more money than you expected. This type of TV commercial can be confusing to many consumers, and end up misleading the consumer into a deal they did not expect. The Attorney General and the Department of Motor Vehicles of several States are now putting auto dealers on notice. In the states of New York and Nevada they are warning them: â€Å"Your advertisements had better be accurate† (Knapp, Eyewitness News, 2004). Studies from the Attorney General of New York Eliot Spitzer, gives many consumer tips to finding misleading advertisements. â€Å"Push, Pull, and Drag it in, Guaranteed Trade-in $3,000!† This is a ploy slogan that really confuses consumers, especially college students. In reality, the dealers cannot pay money for a trade in no matter how much it is actually worth. The dealers can only put that hypothetical â€Å"trade-in money† toward the purchase of another car. â€Å"Dealers often raise the prices of the cars on their lots prior to this sale† (Spitzer, 2003). So in the end, you are really not getting much of a bargain. When watching a car commercial, look for the details in getting this new ca r for your â€Å"push or pull,† there should be a description of how much money must be put down at the time of the trade. If this is not being done, you can report the violating car dealer to your state attorney general’s office. Another misleading portion of car commercials is the financial explanation is: â€Å"$49 down or $0 down with no interest for 6 months† (Spitzer, 2003). Sounds great doesn’t it? Well, this is where many college students are tricked because they never tell you about the tax, title, and registration fees that are included at the time of your purchase. Push, Pull or Drag in....Another Misleading TV Commercial :: Essays Papers Push, Pull or Drag in....Another Misleading TV Commercial Have you ever been watching TV and seen a car commercial that says, â€Å" Come on down to your local Ford Automotive, and you can get a car of your choice for just $129 a month (Spitzer, 2003).† Some have even used lines like, â€Å"Do whatever you have to do push, pull or drag your car in, and drive away in a brand new car† (Spitzer, 2003). The commercial may never stop to give you the details of the qualification requirements for the cars. So making those push or pull journeys to the dealer ends up costing you more money than you expected. This type of TV commercial can be confusing to many consumers, and end up misleading the consumer into a deal they did not expect. The Attorney General and the Department of Motor Vehicles of several States are now putting auto dealers on notice. In the states of New York and Nevada they are warning them: â€Å"Your advertisements had better be accurate† (Knapp, Eyewitness News, 2004). Studies from the Attorney General of New York Eliot Spitzer, gives many consumer tips to finding misleading advertisements. â€Å"Push, Pull, and Drag it in, Guaranteed Trade-in $3,000!† This is a ploy slogan that really confuses consumers, especially college students. In reality, the dealers cannot pay money for a trade in no matter how much it is actually worth. The dealers can only put that hypothetical â€Å"trade-in money† toward the purchase of another car. â€Å"Dealers often raise the prices of the cars on their lots prior to this sale† (Spitzer, 2003). So in the end, you are really not getting much of a bargain. When watching a car commercial, look for the details in getting this new ca r for your â€Å"push or pull,† there should be a description of how much money must be put down at the time of the trade. If this is not being done, you can report the violating car dealer to your state attorney general’s office. Another misleading portion of car commercials is the financial explanation is: â€Å"$49 down or $0 down with no interest for 6 months† (Spitzer, 2003). Sounds great doesn’t it? Well, this is where many college students are tricked because they never tell you about the tax, title, and registration fees that are included at the time of your purchase.

Automobiles and the Environment

In his book Restless Nation: Starting Over in America, James Jasper (2002) explores the comfort Americans derive from the auto industry and its consequential effects to the environment. Jasper (2002) argues that one of the main reasons why American are restless and moves more than any other people in the world is presence of automobiles and cheap gas in the country.Since the starting of the auto industry in the beginning of the 20th century, automobiles have been surrounded with controversy and conspiracy. It has been argued that unethical practices and conspiracy between oil and automobile industry has brought the world to an environmental mess in a less than one century but it will take more than one century to reverse the trend.Since their invention, automobiles have had various negative impacts to the environment.   With little consideration of the way you perceive the relationship between the environment and automobiles, there are negative aspects right from the manufacturing process to the end mess which is piled in the junkyards.  Whether in terms of energy usage, air pollution, water pollution, there is an obvious negative impact to the environment. Referring to statistics, it is evident that automobiles have had greater negative impact to United States and other countries around the world.More than two thirds of Americans are overweight or obese and one aspect contributing to this trend is reduced physical exercise and increase use of automobiles. U.S consumers account for more than 25% of the world’s energy production while it produces only 10% of world energy which means cars and light trucks contribute to higher energy consumption. Automobiles therefore consumer resources and emit pollution affected our health. All the way from manufacturing process to the end of life cycle of that car, automobiles affect the environment in various ways.Research questionThe following will be the research questions that will guide the study:a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã ‚  Ã‚   Historically, how have automobiles affected our culture?b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In which ways, has automobiles affected the environment?c)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What can be done to reverse the trend?Driving our way to pollutionIn his book, James Jasper (2002) exposes the impact of automobile on lives of Americans. On average, Americans drive more than any other people in the world, thanks to presence of cheap car, cheap gas, and capitalism. He asserts that automobile is not just an asset in the modern life but it is a part of emerging world culture. Time has elapse when owning an automobile was a preserve for the rich and today, it has become a basic necessity (McCarthy, 2007).At the peak of growth of the industry in 1920s, Henry Ford embarked on a major campaign to popularize the use of motor vehicles (Melosi, 2000). His invention of Fordism production system led to mass production of cars enabling the middle class Americans to own cars.   The automobile culture grew rapidly and even today, it has become difficult to change this culture (Eban, 2001).   From environmental perspective, this was however an enigma of auto mobility, a paradox difficult to solve.For a long time in the history of the industry, the relationship of automakers and  Ã‚  Ã‚   their customers was not suspicious (Melosi, 2000). However, the second half of the twentieth century came with oil crisis and for once in the course of the century, people realized that gas can be costly and fuel efficient cars were important compared to gas guzzlers.At the same time, American government realized the importance of having legislations which regulated consumption of energy in the country (McCarthy, 2007). The Clean Energy Act of 1971 came with devastating effects on American automakers as consumer preferred environmental friendly cars. This culminated in other acts like in California where all cars were required to have zero emission.However, industrial conspiracy between automakers and oil industry orchestrated destruction of several electric cars, killing the dream of environment friendly cars (Melosi, 2000).   More than ever, environment effects of automobiles are evident to everyone  Ã‚   from our polluted cities to junkyard full of old automobiles. However, the world has continued to drive its way to pollution and perhaps eventual extinction of life on earth if not urgent measures are taken.What do we mean by driving our way to environmental pollution? To understand this question well, it is important to review environmental effects of automobiles right from manufacturing process of their end of life cycle.

Winnie

Kilye Harrelson Ms. Vogel British Literature 13 December 2010 Winnie the Pooh Christopher Robin. Owl. Rabbit. Kanga. Roo. Eeyore. Tigger. Piglet. Winnie the Pooh. Most Americans know who these characters are; they probably grew up reading about these characters at home or maybe even in school. These popular characters have been around for many years. Everybody has a favorite character in these stories that they can relate to in some kind of way. In the Winnie the Pooh stories, each character represents a different outlook on life and personality from which young readers can learn about other people and themselves.The only human character in the Winnie the Pooh stories is Christopher Robin. Christopher Robin is a young boy around eight years old. He is the son of Alan Alexander Milne the author of all the Winnie the Pooh stories. He has brown hair The characters in the Winnie the Pooh stories were originated from stuffed animals belonging to Christopher Robin. To me he is kind of like the hero in the story. Christopher often calls Pooh â€Å"silly old bear†(How Winnie The Pooh Works). When Pooh and the other animals are in trouble or in need of help, the animals know that Christopher Robin will always be there.He tries to solve his friend’s problems and he usually solves if not all but some of their problems. Christopher and his animal’s friends love to go on adventures in the Hundred Acre Woods where they live. Christopher is overall a true hero and a true friend. Owl is somewhat of a know-it-all in the stories. He's kind of like a teacher or a professor. He tries to give useful advice and suggestions. His words of wisdom usually come back and bite him in the butt. He loves to read books that are going to make him wiser such as dictionaries and encyclopedias.When Pooh or one of the other characters go over to Owl’s house to get them to go away he often says â€Å"well I must get back to my encyclopedia† (Hoff 42). Owl will tel l stories to guests and anyone who will listen. When he starts telling a story he tends to just go on and on. When he starts going on and on is usually when Pooh and the other animals will try and seek away. Owl can really be a real bore sometimes. He has the brains in the stories. He has the wisdom. Rabbit is always cranky and concerned that someone is going to mess up his beautiful garden. Tiger is usually the one that messes up his garden. He is very stubborn.Rabbit is very pushy and likes to make his own decisions. He is also a great speller compared to the other animals. He is very concerned about the important things in life. He happens to like a very serene life with no surprises. Although Tigger and Pooh bring him plenty of surprises. Rabbit loves gardening and his favorite thing to grow is carrots and other vegetables. He makes sure that he avoids Pooh during lunch time, so that Pooh doesn't eat everything from his garden. Rabbit is very smart. He actually makes in clear in a conversation with Owl where he says â€Å"You and I have brains. The others have fluff†(Mander).He thinks he the smartest animal in the One Hundred Acre Woods. Rabbit and Owl are the only real animals in the story. The others are stuffed animals. Kanga is the motherly figure in the story. She is the voice of reason. She is the mother of a baby kangaroo named Roo. She is always very helpful. She comforts all of the other animals when they are feeling low or down about something. She is the fastest animal in the One Hundred Acre Woods. She carries her family in a pocket that is on the front of her body. She is always warning her son Roo about the dangers in the adventures that he goes on with Tiger and the other animals.Kanga is always saying â€Å"Now now Roo, you mustn’t do that dear† to which Roo mostly replies â€Å"But moma! † (Mander). She is always worrying about Roo getting hurt on all of the adventures he goes on. Kanga goes over to Pooh’ s house to try and teach him how to jump. Kanga is very proud of her son Roo and the rest of the gang too. Roo is the youngest character in the story. His best friend is Tiger. He loves going on adventures with Tiger and all of the other animals. Roo and Tiger area always bouncing everywhere they go. Even though Roo knows better he is always getting into some kind of trouble.He is kind of a trouble maker when he's with Tigger. He loves discovering new things in life. Don't let his age fool you. He often expresses his thoughts that make him sound a lot wiser and older then he really is. He is kind of like a little kid in pre-school because, he is steady in trouble. Eeyore is my favorite character in the story. He is about three years old. He is a very gloomy donkey. He is hardly ever happy but his grumpiness might come from having a tail pined in his butt all of the time. Eeyore doesn't see himself as gloomy. He just has low expectations. But he is a very lovable character.He is alwa ys losing his tail. He depends on his friends to find his tail. When his friends find it Christopher Robin has to fix his tail using a drawing pin. He is very intelligent but likes to keep to his self. He loves that his friends care enough about him to remember him on his birthday. He often says â€Å"Thanks for noticin’ me and â€Å"Oh well† (Mander). His house is always getting knocked over by someone or something mostly Tigger bounces them down. He spends most of his time trying to put it back together. He says â€Å"Ah, that’s why nobody’s bothered, I suppose. I thought perhaps they’d forgotten† (Hoff 17).Nobody ever helps him put his house back together. But he never says a word to anyone about it. Even though Eeyore might act like he's helping just because there's nothing else to do. Don't under estimate him because he is always there for his friends. Tigger is kind of like the ADHD kid in the world today. He can never sit still. He i s always moving around. He has black and orange stripes and a springy tail. Tigger loves to bounce â€Å"cause that is what Tiggers to best†(Mander). He bounces everywhere he goes. He is the one of the kind creature in the story because of his springy tail.Tigger and Roo are always going on adventures and getting into trouble. Tigger doesn't mean to but he always messes up Rabbits garden. Tigger is always looking to make the best out of what life has to offer. The most wonderful thing about Tiggers is that â€Å"I'm the only one! â€Å"(Mander). Tigger is very hyperactive. He loves trying to help others with their problems. He also takes a lot of pleasure in being able to â€Å"unbounce† some of the other animals in the One Hundred Acre Woods(Mander). He has a very fun loving personality. Tigger is a one of the very loved animals in the One Hundred Acre Woods.Everybody loves him except for rabbit. He drives Rabbit insane. When Tigger finds out something exciting he c an't wait to go and tell his friends about it. Piglet is a very small little pink pig. He's very shy and afraid of everything. But at the same time he is very brave. He always wears a long pink striped shirt. Piglet loves to go on adventures with his best friend Winnie the Pooh. He loves bright colors and balloons. But his favorite thing to do is blow dandelions. The first thing that Piglet utters when he gets up in the morning is â€Å"I wonder what's going to happen exciting today? â€Å"(Mander).Piglet is very afraid of the dark. Whenever Piglet gets scared he often says â€Å"Oh, d-d-d-dear†(Meet the Characters). Even though Piglet is a â€Å"very small animal†, he will conquer his fears to help his friends (How Winnie the Pooh Works). Even though Piglet is so small He has a very big heart and loves all of his friends very much. Winnie the Pooh is a very friendly and loving bear. He goes by Pooh or Pooh bear. But Never by Winnie. he wears an old red shirt. Pooh l oves honey with a passion. He spells honey â€Å"hunny†. He is always getting in to some kind of trouble trying to look for honey.If he ever runs out of honey he will go around and ask every single one of his friends if they have a jar. He tries to get honey from beehives also and bees always chase him for trying to take their honey. Pooh has very little brains and with tell you that himself. He does a lot of silly things. He is friend with everyone in the One Hundred Acre Woods. The first thing Pooh says when he wakes up in the morning is â€Å"what's for breakfast†(Mander). He loves going on adventure with Christopher Robin, Piglet and all of the other animals. Pooh is always looking for â€Å"Hunny to Fill the Rumblee in his Tumblee†(Mander).Pooh is also a hero in a way. But when people think of Pooh, they think kind, loving, sweet, helpful, friendly old bear. At the end of all these wonderful stories Christopher Robin has to go off to school to learn the alp habet and how to write. School becomes important to Christopher Robin and he doesn't have time to spend with Pooh and the other animals. His childhood was ending, but his friends did not change one single little bit. They understood that Christopher Robin had to go to school to learn so that he could come back and teach them new things. Such as the alphabet, reading, and how to write.But because the animals are true friends they did not get mad a t Christopher Robin for leaving them behind. I think that the lesson in these stories is that friendship is a very important thing in life that everybody needs. Everybody needs a friend that they know will be there through thick and thin. There are several other lessons in these stories. Like everyone has a hero or that everybody can conquer their fears. Everyone reads these stories when there little but when they get older they recognize the real meanings and lessons in the story.Works Cited Disney. Meet the Characters. 010. <http://dis ney. go. com/index>. HowStuffWorks. Inc. How Winnie the Pooh Works. 2010. 1998-2010 <http://electronics. howstuffworks. com/how-winnie-the-pooh-works1. htm>. Mander, Keith. Characters from Winnie the Pooh. . 1998-2010 <http://www. just-pooh. com/100acre. html>. Mander, Keith. History of Winnie the Pooh. . 1998-2010 <http://www. just-pooh. com/history. html>. Shepard, Ernest H. The Tao Of Pooh. New York: E. P. Dutton, 1982. Wikstrom, Marilyn. Winnie-the-Pooh. 2010. 17 Nov. 2010 <http://web. ebscohost. com/lrc/detail>.

The History of the Water Wheel

The History of the Water Wheel The water wheel is an ancient device that uses flowing or falling water to create power by means of paddles mounted around a wheel. The force of the water moves the paddles, and the consequent rotation of the wheel is transmitted to machinery via the shaft of the wheel. The first reference to a water wheel dates back to around 4000 B.C. Vitruvius, an engineer who died in 14 AD, is later credited with creating and using a vertical water wheel during Roman times. They were used for crop irrigation, for grinding grains, and to supply drinking water to villages. In later years, they drove sawmills, pumps, forge bellows, tilt-hammers, trip hammers and to power textile mills. They were probably the first method of creating mechanical energy to replace that of humans and animals. Types of Water Wheels There are three main kinds of water wheels. One is the horizontal water wheel. Water flows from an aqueduct and the forward action of the water turns the wheel. Another is the overshot vertical water wheel in which water flows from an aqueduct and the gravity of the water turns the wheel. Finally, the undershot vertical water wheel is placed in a stream and is turned by the rivers motion. The First Water Wheels The simplest and probably the earliest water wheel was a vertical wheel with paddles against which the force of a stream acted. The horizontal wheel came next. It was used for driving a millstone through a vertical shaft attached directly to the wheel. The geared mill driven by a vertical water wheel with a horizontal shaft was the last in use. The first water wheels can be described as grindstones mounted atop vertical shafts whose vaned or paddled lower ends dipped into a swift stream. The wheel was horizontal. As early as the first century, the horizontal water wheel – which was terribly inefficient in transferring the power of the current to the milling mechanism – was replaced by water wheels of the vertical design. Water wheels were most often used to power different types of mills. A water wheel and mill combination is called a watermill. An early horizontal-wheeled watermill used for grinding grain in Greece was the called Norse Mill. In Syria, watermills were called noriahs.† They were used for running mills to process cotton into cloth. Lorenzo Dow Adkins of Perry Township, Ohio received a patent for his spiral bucket water wheel in 1939. The Hydraulic Turbine The hydraulic turbine is a modern invention based on the same principles as the water wheel. It’s a rotary engine that uses the flow of fluid, either gas or liquid, to turn a shaft that drives machinery. Hydraulic turbines are used in hydroelectric power stations. Flowing or falling water strikes a series of blades or buckets attached around a shaft. The shaft then rotates and the motion drives the rotor of an electric generator.

Dealing With Tree Root Damage of Sewer and Water Line

Dealing With Tree Root Damage of Sewer and Water Line Conventional wisdom says that the roots of certain tree species may be more harmful to water and sewage lines than others, especially if planted too close to these utilities. That wisdom weighs out as far as it goes, but all trees have some ability to invade water and sewer lines. Root Egress Tree roots invade mostly through damaged lines installed in the top 24 inches of soil. Sound lines and sewers have very little trouble with root damage, and then only at weak points where water seeps out. Aggression toward water service in many fast-growing, large trees is spawned by the discovery of a water source coming from that service. As is the case with any living thing, a tree will do what it must to survive. Roots dont actually crush septic tanks and lines, entering instead through weak and seeping spots on tanks and lines. Its important to closely watch these aggressive trees when they grow  near your sewage service, or avoid planting them altogether: Fraxinus (ash)Liquidambar (sweetgum)Populus (poplar and cottonwood)Quercus (oak, usually lowland varieties)Robinia (locust)Salix (willow)Tilia (basswood)Liriodendron (tulip treePlatanus (sycamore)Many Acer species (red, sugar, Norway and silver maples, and boxelder) Managing Trees Around Sewers and Pipes For managed landscapes near sewer lines, replace water-seeking trees every eight to 10 years before they grow too big. This limits the distance roots grow outside the planting area and the time they have to grow into and around sewer lines as well as foundations, sidewalks, and other infrastructure. Older trees can embed pipes and sewers by growing roots around the pipes. If these trees experience a structural root failure and topple, these field lines can be destroyed, so it is important to keep a close eye on these as well. To help prevent tree root damage that will eventually interfere with sewer lines: Plant small, slow-growing trees near sewer lines.Plan to replace trees every eight to 10 years if you desire faster-growing species.Periodically monitor and replace even slow-growing trees.Thoroughly evaluate landscaping plans for potential root intrusion when improving or building new sewer lines.Consider Amur maple, Japanese maple, dogwood, redbud, and fringetree, common trees recommended for planting near water lines. Options exist if you already have tree root damage to your lines. Products containing slow-release chemicals to stymie further root growth are helpful. Other root barriers include: Densely-compacted layers of soilChemical layers such as sulfur, sodium, zinc, borate, salt or herbicidesAir gaps using large stonesSolid barriers such as plastic, metal, or wood. Each of these barriers can be effective in the short term, but long-term results are difficult to guarantee and can significantly harm the tree. Seek professional advice when using these options.

Educational system through the use of new ICT resources Essay

Educational system through the use of new ICT resources - Essay Example It is very important to consult the customers of education business because the demand is logically generated by their willingness to patronize the enterprise. In this case, the students are the customers. Any investment in ICT by Mid Wales University would have to satisfy needs of mostly students through faculties, educational systems and resources, along with strategies for implementing plans and programs. The average ratio of staff to students in UK universities is 1 per 18.1. At Buckingham, it is only 1 staff for every 10.5 students (The University of Buckingham 2013). For purposes of this scenario analysis, let the assumptions be as follows: (a)Mid Wales should aim to have a staff to student ratio of 1 is to 12 in order to aspire for quality education through closer supervision of individual educational performance. (b)Following a similar statistics identifying who are the students of Buckingham University, wherein 52% are British; 14% come from Asian and Pacific countries like Australia, China, India, Taiwan, Bangladesh, Thailand, Brunei, Vietnam, Japan, Indonesia, South Korea, Sri Langka, Singapore, Pakistan, Nepal, Malaysia, and New Zealand; 13% are from Africa and islands somewhere in the Indian Ocean; 11% come from countries belonging to the European Union; 5% are made up of people from America including USA, Canada, Mexico, Columbia, Nicaragua, and other Caribbean countries; 3% from Middle East and North Africa e.g. Bahrain, Israel, Algeria, Palestine, Syria, UAE, Saudi Arabia, Morocco, Qatar, Sudan, Oman, Turkey, and Libya; and 2% from other European countries and Central Asia, such as Russia, Georgia, Macedonia, Albania, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan, and Ukraine. Therefore, the customers are from many nations worldwide. (c) Most of these students, about 73%, are employed on full time basis as they study, while 15% went back to school for further studies. Only 7% are employed but work only part-time. 1% went to school while on volunta ry work. Only 3% are self-employed and only 1% unemployed. (The Buckingham University2, 2013) Due to the changing UK trend of jobs in demand, the courses have to be considered as well. Assumption (d) would be the eventual inclusion of 10 courses related to the forecasted high demand work for the near future. Business, Accounting, Finance, Economics, Statistics, Liberal Arts, Engineering, and General Science will remain. However, it is assumed in this scenario that Genetics, Environmental Engineering, Mental Health and Psychology, Food Production, Software Engineering, Information Security, Medicine, Language Interpretation and Translation, Computer Engineering, and Civil Engineering will become integrated in the coming years due to the demand for such jobs in the near future (Zabala, R. 2012). A Powerful, Flexible Server for Short to Long-Term Educational Enterprise A. Infrastructure For educational institutions, technology of teaching and learning should consider not only the stude nts and courses or curriculum, but also the enhancements for the effective delivery, progress monitoring, and advancements in education, supposed to be found in infrastructures. Mobile and digital technology owned by the learning population have become the means to access information. This situation demands certain requirements from the ICT Infrastructure within the campus. The server room must provide for networking in terms of wireless access points (WAP). It should have a

Current Issues in Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Current Issues in Finance - Essay Example There is an obvious conflict of interest in expecting information that might ultimately produce pressure by external sources to modify or forego otherwise economically gainful – and for the most part legal - activities, and corporations have been reluctant to adopt non-mandatory disclosure related to such items. â€Å"There has, however, also been a long history of organisations independent of the accountable organisation producing social and/or environmental reports about the accountable organisations. These are typically known as external social audits† (Gibson, Gray, Laing, and Dey, 2002). â€Å"Social audits act as a ‘balancing view’ in the face of the considerable resources that organisations have at their disposal to put their own point of view and to offer their own emphasis on their activities† (Gibson, et al., 2002). Gibson, et al, undertook to find out how much of the desired information was already disclosed, albeit hidden, in the usual annual and various other company-produced reports. They found corporations already supply much of the information being sought. Using a simple â€Å"cut and paste† approach extracted much information relevant to social and environmental issues. The product of such an effort is called a â€Å"Silent Account†. It is a concise selection of information, without commentary, assembled without being taken out of context, and then evaluated. It often reveals more than the corporations suspect, and can be a valuable source of raw data from which to explore issues to follow up. The information used for the compilation of a â€Å"Shadow Account† is compiled in a similar way, without commentary or analysis, but entirely from public but non-company produced sources. No effort is made to distinguish between good news and bad news, and it’s a given that â€Å"It is very likely...that a number of the items in the Shadow Report are, in

Developing new online e-commerce or e-business company Essay

Developing new online e-commerce or e-business company - Essay Example The business model will explain the basic business strategy and the mode of operation for the new E business plan. The business model will not be focusing on the potential revenues and the costs involved; however the methods of generating revenue through the business will be dealt with in detail. In the UK, there are a number of insurance service providers and hence many options are available to the customers. In the search for the perfect insurance, the customers collect information from various websites, visit the insurance providers or make numerous calls to enquire about the policies. This business will aim to provide a one stop service with all the details, features and prices of the various policies available in the market. PriceComparison.com, as the name indicates will focus on providing a price comparison service to the customers in the UK. The main product that will be focused will be the General Motor Insurance, along with other products such as, breakdown insurance, pet insurance, home & contents insurance as well as life insurance. Financial products such as credit cards, personal loans will also be included in the service. Utilities comparison service will also be provided as part of the service. The customer will enter the PriceComparison.com website and select the product he is interested in. The customer will then enter some of his personal details, or login, if he is an existing customer. Once the required details are entered, the customer will be prompted with questions related to the product he is interested in. Based on the details entered, PriceComparison.com will connect to the quote engines of the partners and will provide a consolidated list of all the quotes to the customer. Provision will be given to sort the details based on a number of criterion. The customer can then select the preferred provider and complete the transaction by paying the required amount in the partner’s website. This flow is illustrated in the

E-Learning and E-Services

E-Learning and E-Services Social Impart: E-learning is a structured, purposeful use of computer or electronic system which covers a wide set of processes and application such as web-based learning, computer-based learning, distance and flexible learning via a web browser, through the internet or an intranet, interactive TV, satellite broadcast, audio and videotape and CD-ROM. Based on the survey questionnaire, it noted that 98.2 percent of people are prefer searching the information for working or studies purpose via internet and this proved that more of the worlds people become connected to the network. Connectivity to this network and the ability to master it once on has become an essential part in the new century, and also a key to success, opportunity and fulfillment for the people around the world. E-learning is deployed to reach geographically dispersed groups, to provide consistency, to provide â€Å"anyway-anytime† learning, to ensure compliance with regulation. E- learning is also deployed with the objective of enhancing student knowledge and cost saving. It is used for broadening the academic scope and provided much more references and learning scopes than the ones provided in the usual text books. Effective e-learning can also improve the performance on core subjects and foster development of new century skills, whether in mature or emerging countries. It can help in increasing student motivation, engagement and attendance. E-learning could have potentially major effects on the way higher education is designed, implemented and delivered .For students, e-learning can provide an educationally-superior alternative to traditional lectures, in which education can take place outside of the lecture hall. E-learning can also provide a model for students on how to train themselves to become self directed independent learners, which may assist them to become ‘life long learners. On the other part, for lecturers, e-learning may cause changes in work patterns and even change their professional role, but in addition, e-learning provides them the opportunity to train students in real business situations and new methods to evaluate their learning. As lecturers have the influence to eliminate students technical frustrations, make them feel empowered and encourage them to interact with one another, the role of the lecturer is become predominant in the successful delivery of e-learning initiatives. According to Malaysia Ministry of Education and Intel Malaysia, in a one to one (1:1) e-learning program at 10 primary and secondary schools in Malaysia, 85 percent of teachers, many of whom were skeptical initially, reported that the program lend a hand to them create a collaborative and innovative e-learning environment within their classrooms. E-learning represents a change in teaching and learning style. The precise nature of the change is hard to clarify, however allocation of sufficient resources and time. The major advantage of e-learning is its flexibility, accessibility, and convenience. Flexibility in variety of forms is also an often-identified positive feature of the virtual school or online school. Students are able to work at home, able to get extra credits that did not fit into their regular school day, and to take an extra course which is not offered at their school. It can save the travel cost and time contemporary. Besides that, as web browser software and internet connection are widely available, students are able to search information or material easily and efficiently. E-learning can enhance retention by varying the types of contents such as images, sounds and text work together, creating interaction that engages the attention, providing immediate feedback, encouraging interaction with other learners and instructors in discussion boards, chat room, instant messaging and all offer interaction for learners effectively. Every application has two sides, there are identified drawback with the use of e-learning. E-learning is not suitable for all kind of learners as e-learning emphasizes independent learning and requires the completion of a lots of assignment, tasks and interactive collaborations. Students with low motivation will have to face a stressful feeling and will not able to complete their modules, rendering the strategy ineffective. In addition, there are some people who are not able to deal successfully with isolation. The short of human interaction and the absence of active guidance increase the likelihood of disinterest and boredom. There are not all type of content is suitable for e-learning. The educational institutions are not yet prepare to adapt to the e-learning capabilities due to which many of the contents cannot be used to the e-learning platforms. Students taking on e-course may have the opportunity to receive a risk-free simulation environment, in which they can make mistakes without directly exposing themselves, eventually getting the feedback on the consequences of their actions. E-learning requires new skills in content producers and still has to clearly demonstrate a return on investment. Enabling technology might also be costly since there need to develop advanced visually-rich content for the learners. Nowadays, worlds people are currently moving towards an electronic and internet service system called e-services. E-services is a highly general term referring to the provision of services through internet and act as an interactive, content-centered and internet-based customer services, driven by the customer and integrated with related organizational customer support processes and technologies with the goal of strengthening customer-service provider relationship. E-services are including e-insurances services, e-banking services, e-financial advice services, flight or railway e-ticket services, hotel e-booking services, package tour e-services, real estate e-services, food take away e-services and so on. E-services are offering a lot of advantages to their users. The users are being familiarized with the electronic information personally and being educated on using advanced technology. Furthermore, easy tracking of payment to beneficiarys accounts thus it will enhance audit trail for the users. It can be also reduced cases of corruption and increased convenience and flexibility of the users as the users can access e-services in home without travel and this can help to save the travel cost and time contemporary. E-services have improved data acquisition, transformation and retrieval which unlike the data chaos in a traditional service provider. In addition, it allow in searching of large number of heterogeneous data such as documents, database, messages, pages and multimedia. It also involves the citizens in governmental activities providing easy access to information via internet. E-services are conducted at a distance, uncertainties and risks are magnified. Therefore, users have to rely on image and promises. Some services are confused of proper legal and regulatory framework. Besides that, users may face grave danger as the personal information including name, address credit card number, bank account number and so on which can be accessed by other culprits through e-services. Disclosure of private information, counterfeiting and illegal alteration of payment have been listed in the drawbacks of e-services.

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Amniocentesis: Advantages vs. Disadvantages & Ethics Amniocentesis has become of the most controversial and fastest growing trends of expecting parents. The pros and cons of this contentious prenatal test have continually been increasing. Amniocentesis is a prenatal test that allows a doctor to gather information about a baby’s health and development from a sample of amniotic fluid. The test is most commonly done when the women is between 15 and 18 weeks pregnant. The test is used to determine whether the baby has genetic or chromosomal abnormalities. Amniocentesis has recently caused a great deal of controversy in the news at doctor offices in the United States. After comparing the pros and cons it is eminent that amniocentesis is an important test that should be offered to those pregnant women who desire to have it. Amniocentesis offers many advantages to the expecting mother. This test determines whether the unborn baby has genetic or chromosomal abnormalities. It identifies several hundred genetic disorders including some of the most common such as Down syndrome and Edward’s syndrome. It can also identify other genetic disorders such as Tay-Sachs disease, Huntington’s disease, Sickle cell disease, and cystic fibrosis. Other testing techniques such as ultrasounds pick up on these problems. Only amniocentesis is able to provide the information needed to diagnosis these problems in the womb. Amniocentesis can also indicate whether the baby is at risk for spina bifida and anencephaly. The test is more than 99 percent accurate in diagnosing these various conditions. It is the only test that can provide results which are accurate. Other important reasons to have the test include checking the well being of the baby. This is important if the mother has blood sensitization, such as Rh sensitization. Also the test can determine whether the baby’s lungs are mature enough for an early delivery if the mother appears to be in premature labor. As amniocentesis has become more popular more women opt for the test to ensure that their child is in perfect health. More than 95 percent of the high-risk women who have amniocentesis receive good news from their results. Only about 5 percent will be found to have a baby with a problem. This test is usually offered to those who are found to have a somewhat increased risk of having a baby with a chromosomal or genetic defect. :: Amniocentesis: Advantages vs. Disadvantages & Ethics Amniocentesis has become of the most controversial and fastest growing trends of expecting parents. The pros and cons of this contentious prenatal test have continually been increasing. Amniocentesis is a prenatal test that allows a doctor to gather information about a baby’s health and development from a sample of amniotic fluid. The test is most commonly done when the women is between 15 and 18 weeks pregnant. The test is used to determine whether the baby has genetic or chromosomal abnormalities. Amniocentesis has recently caused a great deal of controversy in the news at doctor offices in the United States. After comparing the pros and cons it is eminent that amniocentesis is an important test that should be offered to those pregnant women who desire to have it. Amniocentesis offers many advantages to the expecting mother. This test determines whether the unborn baby has genetic or chromosomal abnormalities. It identifies several hundred genetic disorders including some of the most common such as Down syndrome and Edward’s syndrome. It can also identify other genetic disorders such as Tay-Sachs disease, Huntington’s disease, Sickle cell disease, and cystic fibrosis. Other testing techniques such as ultrasounds pick up on these problems. Only amniocentesis is able to provide the information needed to diagnosis these problems in the womb. Amniocentesis can also indicate whether the baby is at risk for spina bifida and anencephaly. The test is more than 99 percent accurate in diagnosing these various conditions. It is the only test that can provide results which are accurate. Other important reasons to have the test include checking the well being of the baby. This is important if the mother has blood sensitization, such as Rh sensitization. Also the test can determine whether the baby’s lungs are mature enough for an early delivery if the mother appears to be in premature labor. As amniocentesis has become more popular more women opt for the test to ensure that their child is in perfect health. More than 95 percent of the high-risk women who have amniocentesis receive good news from their results. Only about 5 percent will be found to have a baby with a problem. This test is usually offered to those who are found to have a somewhat increased risk of having a baby with a chromosomal or genetic defect.

Mark Twains The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn English Literature Essay

4. In Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn it is clear as to how the characters have been influenced by their environments. The narrative is set during a clip where bondage and racism are held as socially acceptable and justified by faith in some instances ; this is seen legion times throughout the novel. Although the two major characters Huck and Jim have come from and lived in the same environments, the fortunes of their lives are uncomparable. Society has conditioned Huck to accept bondage and racialist attitudes. Slavery has resulted in Jim ‘s attempts to seek his freedom, but besides his deficiency of instruction and to some degree his superstitious notion. Couple uses the environment environing Huck and Jim non merely to portray how it impacts their actions and beliefs, but besides to do a statement about the lip service, immortality, and unfairness found in civilised society at this clip. At the clip period this novel is set in, bondage is an mundane portion of life. As a reader, we see Huck invariably trying to decide the struggle within himself as he struggles between the dogmas of the South and his ain consciousness and morality. Huck ‘s position about the establishment of bondage is the result of what society has ingrained within him, he was born into it. Huck blindly accepts the societal and spiritual values that the Widow and Miss Watson insist he uphold until his ain witting interferes with what he has been taught. Whenever Huck can non follow societal regulations, he blames it on himself and fails to see any mistake in the regulations. He sees his male parent ‘s bibulous harangue in chapter 6, â€Å" †¦ but when they told me there was a State in this state where they ‘d allow that nigger ballot, I drawed out. I says I ‘ll ne'er vote once more†¦ I says to the people, why ai n't this nigga put up at auction and sold? – that ‘s what I want to cognize † ( Twain 117 ) . Huck hears his male parent ‘s words but does non denounce him because in his universe this position is the norm. Huck is an perceiver and he gives realistic word pictures of what he sees and Twain uses his narrative to exemplify the ailments of society. There are many times in the novel where Huck sees Jim more as a slave, a mere piece of belongings instead than a individual. In chapter 16, Huck begins to panic when he realizes the determination he has made to assist Jim towards freedom, â€Å" †¦ it made me all over trembly and hectic, excessively, to hear him, because I begun to acquire it through my caput that he was most free- and who was to fault for it? † ( 162 ) . Because he believes the values of society are just and merely, Huck feels that he is an confederate for the offense of non turning in Jim back to Miss Watson when he had the opportunity. He goes on to state, â€Å" I got so average and so suffering I most wished I was dead † ( 162 ) . In chapter 23, we see Huck ‘s attitude toward Jim Begin to alter, â€Å" He was believing about his married woman and kids, off up yonder, and he was low and homesick ; and I do believe he cared merely every bit much for his people as white folks does for thei r'n. It do n't look natural†¦ He was a mighty good nigga, Jim was † ( 204 ) . Huck is able to project aside the racialist values which he has grown up with. Here we see him believing for himself. What Huck sees as natural is that slaves do non care for and love their households the same manner as Whites do, but his sentiment is changed when he sees Jim. It is obvious that Huck has non associated with anyone who was non white and it is possible that he sees Jim as person who is rareness among African Americans due to the fact that he loves his household. As the novel progresses, Huck becomes more and more detached from society but non wholly. He and Jim sail down the Mississippi, making a universe of their ain and it is through these experiences that Huck ‘s friendly relationship with Jim grows and where the influences of the exterior universe are repressed to a certain extent. The best illustration of this is when Huck decides to compose the missive to Miss Watson stating her where Jim is, nevertheless his internal struggles are clearly seeable as he debates with himself whether or non he should make this. Before he precedes to compose the missive Huck says â€Å" And at last, when it hit me all of a sudden that here was the apparent manus of Providence slapping me in the face and allowing me know that my evil was being watched all the clip from up at that place in Eden, whilst I was stealing a hapless old adult female ‘s nigga that had n't of all time done me no injury†¦ † ( 238 ) . Huck still can non look to get away the impression that because Jim is a runaway slave helping in his attempts to get away is a wickedness. Although Huck can do his ain determinations, society ‘s rules still influence him greatly and after he writes the missive he even goes on to province that it was the first clip in his life he felt wholly â€Å" clean of wickedness † ( 239 ) . Religion is something that Huck does non clearly understand so his fright of the possible spiritual effects such as snake pits take precedency over his ain morality. However, instantly after composing the missive, Huck begins to believe about Jim and all the good he has done for him and makes a important determination, â€Å" All right, so, I ‘ll travel to hell- and tore it up. It was atrocious ideas, and atrocious words, but they was said † ( 239 ) . At this point we see that Huck denounces himself for his actions, but by making this he has in a manner rejected what society has instilled in him and established himself as an improbable hero. So as Huck ‘s universe alterations from civilized society to life on the Mississippi, from the influence of society at big to the influence of Jim, we can see how Huck besides changes. The Widow and Miss Watson introduced in chapter 1 can be seen as a representation of Southern society. They attempt to educate Huck, but he merely feels constrained by the regulations and ordinances they impose on him. Society besides fails to protect Huck from his opprobrious male parent as he is forced to travel unrecorded with Pap. All of these experiences contribute to Huck ‘s withdrawal from society and consequence in his disbelieving attitude of the universe. The idea of being sold down South and separated from his household prompts Jim to run off. Bing a slave, Jim is uneducated. For illustration when Huck is explicating to him that Frenchmen talk French he can non look to hold on the construct. In many ways he is like a kid. Jim has besides accepted the positions of his racialist milieus. He is convinced that the inequality and biass inkinesss face are rooted in truth. In chapter 36 it is clear that Tom is utilizing Jim to populate out his imaginativeness, â€Å" And told him how to maintain a diary†¦ He told him everything. Jim, he could n't see no sense in most of it, but he allowed we was white common people and knowed better than him ; so he was satisfied. Despite the manner Jim is being treated, in Jim ‘s head Huck and Tom are white so they must be right. Here, Jim is inactive and self-satisfied which merely emphasizes the subject of bondage in the novel. Couple uses the universe of the characters and how it influences them to supply a societal commentary on his pessimistic positions of humanity. The fresh exposes the jobs he saw in society including the immorality of bondage, spiritual lip service, and the weaknesss of society in general. Jim is treated cruelly by every character throughout the narrative. It is through Huck that bondage is presented as we see him fight between what is jurisprudence in society and what is morally right. The spiritual lip service is abundant from Miss Watson to the Phelps ‘s who have no concern over the establishment of bondage, yet claim to be good citizens. Twain makes it clear as to how racism can misinterpret the beliefs of those who impose bondage and the victims of it. When Huck is handed over to his male parent, this can be seen as Twain ‘s manner to notice on a society that gives whites the right to have other human existences which are considered belongings. A society that claims t o be morally merely and civilized can non warrant bondage.